List of Famous Scientists in History

[Tg. Thangno]

So many people in this world have changed the way we live and think, with their inventions and work. Here is a list of some of the famous scientists in history, and a brief about them.

There are a very large number of famous scientists in history. If a roster of all such famous scientists were to be compiled, the list would be never-ending. Hence, a finite number has been taken into consideration here. These great individuals were masters in their respective fields, and with their amazing work, changed the course of history and the way things were done. We'll have a look at the top scientists the world has ever seen.

Famous Scientists' List

Most of these names we may know, while many of them we may not have heard of. But there is no doubt that these are some of the best scientists the world has ever produced, and the contribution they gave to mankind is nothing less than amazing. In the following table, we will have a look at a list of some of the best in the business, along with a little information about their respective achievements.

Name	Birth/Death	Achievements
Albert Einstein	1879 - 1955	He is arguably at the pinnacle, if the popularity of all the scientists is taken into account. He demonstrated solutions to a trio of mind-boggling topics in Physics in 1905 and shot into the limelight.
Sir Isaac Newton	1642 - 1727	"Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica" called "Principia" is acknowledged as the greatest scientific book ever published. Sir Isaac Newton wrote this in 1687.
Galileo Galilei	1564 - 1642	He was the first to use the telescope for furnishing evidence that the Earth revolves around the Sun. This postulate was in contrast to that held by the majority.
Charles Darwin	1809 - 1882	"On the origin of species by means of natural selection" is Darwin's famous book published in 1859.
Johannes Kepler	1571 - 1630	Kepler compiled the Mars data which enabled him to propose the "Three Laws of Planetary Motion".
Louis Pasteur	1822 - 1895	Some of his works are: separation of mirror image molecules and effect of polarized light, and identification of the parasite that was killing silkworms.
James Maxwell	1831 - 1879	He is known for the "Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism" published in 1873. Maxwell independently developed the "Maxwell-Boltzmann kinetic theory of gases".
Edwin Hubble	1889 - 1953	"Hubble's Law" stated that galaxies move away from each other at a speed determined by the distance that separated them. He classified galaxies as per their distance, shape, brightness patterns and content.
Emil Fisher	1852 - 1919	Some of his works are: synthesis of glucose, fructose, mannose starting with glycerol, and establishing structures for the 16 stereoisomers of the aldohexoses with glucose as the most prominent member.
Paul Dirac	1902 - 1984	He received a Nobel prize in 1933 for the work on anti-particles. The "Dirac equation" was a version of the Schrodinger's equation.
Archimedes	287 - 212 BC	His major achievements are "The Archimedes principle in hydrostatics", the Archimedes screw and the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and the circumscribing cylinder.
Marie Curie	1867 - 1934	She won the 1903 Nobel prize in Physics and the 1911 Nobel prize in Chemistry.
Thomas Alva Edison	1847 - 1931	He set up the first industrial research laboratory in the world and was a world record holder of 1093 patents.
Max Planck	1858 - 1947	He introduced the quantum and became the recipient of the Nobel prize for Physics in 1918.
Nikola Tesla	1856 - 1943	In 1882, he stated the rotating magnetic field principle and invented the alternating current long-distance electrical transmission system six years later.
Aristotle	384 - 322 BC	His works include Physics, Metaphysics, Politics, Poetics, Nicomachean Ethics and De Anima.
Leonardo da Vinci	1452 - 1519	He designed bridges, war machines, buildings, canals and forts.
Niels Bohr	1885 - 1962	In 1922, he won the Nobel prize for Physics. He developed the "Bohr theory of the atom and liquid model of the atomic nucleus".
Nicholas Copernicus	1473 - 1543	He theorized that the Sun was the fixed point around which the motions of the planets takes place. The Earth rotates around its axis once in a day and slow alterations in the direction of this axis cause the precession of the equinoxes.
Rene Descartes	1596 - 1650	He wrote "Meditationes de prima philosophia, in quibus Dei existentia and animae a corpore distinctio, demonstratur" in 1641.
Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen	1845 - 1923	In 1901, he won the Nobel prize for Physics as he discovered X-rays.
Carl Sagan	1934 - 1996	He promoted the Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence and was a pioneer of exobiology.
Jonas Salk	1914 - 1995	He developed a vaccine for polio in 1952.
Alexander Graham Bell	1847 - 1922	He is the inventor of the telephone and the metal detector.
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman	1888 - 1970	He developed the Raman spectroscopy that provides information regarding the molecular structure.
Ernest Rutherford	1871 - 1937	He developed atomic theory in 1911 and classified forms of radiation.
Joseph John Thomson	1856 - 1940	He received the Nobel prize for Physics in 1907 and developed the mass spectrograph.
William Ramsay	1852 - 1916	He independently discovered Helium and shared the discovery or Argon, Krypton and Xenon.
Alfred Nobel	1833 - 1896	He was a chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer. He is also the inventor of dynamite. He established a fund for the yearly Nobel prize in the areas of chemistry, physics, literature, international peace and medicine.
William Thompson	1775 - 1833	He derived the second law of thermodynamics and proposed the Kelvin temperature scale.
James Prescott Joule	1818 - 1889	One determines the rate at which heat is produced by an electric current by using Joule's law.
Julius Robert von Mayer	1814 - 1878	Along with James Joule, he discovered the first law of thermodynamics.
Henry Bessemer	1813 - 1898	He invented an economical steel-making procedure that burnt off impurities.
Robert Bunsen	1811 - 1899	He developed the spectroscope and discovered Cesium and Rubidium.
Thomas Graham	1805 - 1869	He developed a technique to separate crystalloids from colloids, which is called "dialysis".
Michael Faraday	1791 - 1867	He stated the laws of electrolysis in 1833.
Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner	1780 - 1849	He determined the relation between elements and their atomic weight.
Amedeo Avogadro	1776 - 1856	He concluded that equal volumes of gases at similar conditions of temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules.
William Henry	1773 - 1841	Henry's Law states that the amount of gas absorbed by water increases as the gas pressure rises.
John Dalton	1766 - 1844	He developed the atomic theory.
Alessandro Volta	1745 - 1827	He invented the practical battery using cells of two types of metals.
Antoine Lavoisier	1743 - 1794	He recognized and named oxygen and disproved the phlogiston theory.
Charles Augustin de Coulomb	1736 - 1806	He discovered the law of force between two charged bodies.
Henry Cavendish	1731 - 1810	He discovered hydrogen and nitric acid.
Thomas Newcomen	1663 - 1729	He invented the steam engine.
Robert Boyle	1627 - 1691	The Boyle's law describes the inversely proportional relationship between absolute pressure and volume of a gas, that is, if the temperature is constantly maintained in a closed system
Blaise Pascal	1623 - 1662	The SI unit of pressure is named after him.

The world will always be indebted to these great individuals, who with their outstanding work, contributed to mankind in a way that will never be forgotten. The list of famous scientists in history could go on and on, because there are so many other great scientists that are worth a mention, but the ones mentioned above are by far those who cannot be compared with anyone else. Their work and contribution to this world is simply unique.